Research Papers

Maternal smoking during pregnancy remains a global public health concern, with harmful effects on fetal development. One area of growing…

Type 2 diabetes is a long-term condition that is becoming more common worldwide. Lifestyle changes such as healthy eating and regular…

Intermittent fasting (IF) involves alternating periods of calorie restriction and eating. There are various ways in which it can be done, some opting…

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neuro-developmental condition characterised by inattention, hyperactivity, and…

The gut microbiota influences many body functions, including immunity, metabolism, and brain health, and the gut-brain axis connects gut microbes…

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterised by emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual…

Flavonoids are natural compounds present in various foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, wines, and teas. Once consumed, flavonoids…

Social prescribing covers a wide range of activity including physical activities, arts, nature-based programs, volunteering, and advice services…

This study aimed to understand how drinking alcohol, especially heavy drinking, affects the brain as we age. It is well known that alcohol…

ADHD is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents, characterised by attention deficits…

Depression affects a significant portion of the population, with major depressive disorder (MDD) prevalence ranging from 2% to 21% globally…

COVID-19 vaccines have been widely administered to reduce severe illness and death. By early 2024, over 70% of the world’s population had received…

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver condition worldwide, characterised by fat buildup in liver cells. If untreated…

Environmental contamination from synthetic chemicals has surpassed safe limits, impacting water and agricultural systems and leading to widespread…

Antibiotics are essential for treating infections but often cause harm to the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation, immune dysfunction…

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a disabling chronic condition that often develops in individuals with primary headaches, especially migraine, due…

This randomized controlled trial investigated whether multivitamin and multimineral (MVMM) supplements affect the gut microbiome in healthy…

Exposure to environmental chemicals before birth and during early childhood can increase the risk of various negative health outcomes such as…

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 caused the COVID-19 pandemic, putting great pressure on healthcare systems worldwide. By June 2023…

This prospective cohort study examined whether the addition of sugar and saturated fat to coffee affects its potential health benefits…

The rise in life expectancy, influenced by advances in medicine and healthier lifestyles, has led to increased rates of age-related conditions like…

This paper explores the rise in ADHD and autism, as reflected in the special education system in the United States, which was formally established in…

Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of lipids and other substances in the walls of arteries, contributing to cardiovascular disease (CVD). When…

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs), where healthcare resources…

Modern diets increasingly include ultra-processed foods (UPFs), which can make up over half of daily calorie intake. These foods are linked to…

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) involves recurring physical and emotional symptoms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, affecting up to…

Diabetes is a widespread chronic disease and a major risk factor for many health conditions. Oxidative stress significantly contributes to…

High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is increasingly common in children worldwide. Elevated BP in childhood…

Phthalates are chemicals widely used since 1907 to make products like vinyl flooring, soaps, shampoos, and plastics more flexible and durable. These…

Osteoporosis is characterised by the gradual weakening of bone tissue, often measured using bone mineral density (BMD) at key sites such as the…

Social and emotional well-being is central to children’s health, reflecting how they feel, behave, and cope with challenges. When emotions or…

Infertility affects about one in eight couples worldwide and is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of trying. In women, causes include…

Zinc is essential for proper immune responses and is primarily obtained from animal-based foods. As vegetarian and vegan diets become…

Fermented vegetables like cabbage (sauerkraut) have been eaten for thousands of years. The fermentation process helps preserve the food…

This study aimed to explore how some common prescription medications, such as anti-psychotics, anti-depressants and heart medications…

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 10% of the global population, and poor fetal development can increase the risk of CKD later in life. NSAIDs…

Not getting enough exercise is a major risk factor for chronic diseases and early death, yet physical activity is rarely assessed or managed in primary care…

The stress and circadian systems work together as a natural adaptation to help organisms respond to environmental changes. Stress…

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting around 1% of the global population, with prevalence expected to exceed 30…

Use of acid-suppressive medications like proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) in early life has increased…

This pilot study examined how the order of eating vegetables, protein, and carbohydrates affects blood sugar and insulin levels in people with type 2…

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) affects up to 3% of children and can lead to other allergies and health issues. It may have long-term health…

The World Health Organization suggests exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, followed by breastfeeding alongside healthy…

Antidepressants are often used to help manage symptoms like anxiety, depression, and aggression in people with dementia. While selective…

Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are products made through industrial processes, containing many additives and little whole foods. They…

Depression is a complex mental health condition influenced by neurotransmitters, inflammation, and hormonal changes. Research…

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a significant proportion of women of reproductive age, ranging from 6% to 20% depending on…

ADHD is a common childhood disorder marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, affecting about 7-12% of children worldwide. Its causes…